CURSE OF PANDU

Shortly after Pandu’s marriage with Kunti and Madri, he went to a forest for hunting. While looking for his prey, amidst the bushes, he spotted a couple of deer and shot his arrow towards it.

When he went to check upon the deers, he saw that the deers were Sage Kindama and his wife. The Sage and his wife were on the brink of dying, and Pandu realised his mistake and begged pardon, but the Sage angered by this act of Pandu, cursed him, that he will die, if he ever touches his wives.

Horrified, Pandu returned to Hastinapur, and told his wives about his curse.

Pandu, filled with guilt, wanted to repent for his actions, so he renounced his throne and left the kingdom.

His wives followed his path and went to the forest to live with Pandu, where he wanted to seek solace and repent for his actions.

Meanwhile, in Hastinapur, Dhritarashtra was crowned as the King of Hastinapur and Gandhari becomes the Queen.

MARRIAGE OF PANDU

Kunti was the daughter of Shurasena, a Yadava ruler of Mathura but, was raised by her childless uncle Kuntibhoja, the King of Kuntibhoja. She was the sister of Krishna’s father, Vasudeva.

Once Sage Durvasa visited Kuntibhoja, and pleased by Kunti’s devotion, he taught her a mantra, through which she could beget a child from any God she desires.

Kunti was curious and recited this mantra, invoking Surya deva. Later, she gave birth to a boy, named Karna.

Kunti was not married yet, so she begged Surya deva to take the child back but he refused, but blessed Karna, with a divine armor and earrings. She put Karna in a basket and left him in River Ganga.

Years later, when Kunti’s Swayamvara was organised, she chose Pandu, the King of Hastinapur, to be her husband. Soon after their marriage, Pandu went on to expand his kingdom, Bhisma proposed that Pandu should marry Madri, the princess of Madra Kingdom, in order to secure the kingdom of Madra.

MARRIAGE OF GANDHARI AND DHRITARASHTRA

Dhritarashtra, being the elder one had to be married first, so Bhisma began looking for eligible brides.

Meanwhile, Saubala, the King of Gandhara Kingdom, had a daughter named Gandhari, who was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. Pleased by her devotion, Shiva granted her a boon of begetting 100 children.

Bhisma, hearing the boon Gandhari was blessed with, thought that she would be a perfect bride for Dhritarashtra.

When this proposal was made, Saubala, king of Gandhara, hesitated because Dhritarashtra was blind. But in order to strengthen his weakened kingdom, he agrees to the alliance with the Kuru Dynasty.

When Gandhari found out that her fiancée is blind, she decides to share his disability and blindfolds herself with a silk cloth. Gandhari had an elder brother named Shakuni, who was extremely devious.

After their marriage, Gandhari remained extremely devoted to her husband and continued to share his blindness.

DHRITARASHTRA AND PANDU

Dhritarashtra, Pandu and Vidura were trained by Bhishma and Kripacharya in military arts and vedic knowledge.

Dhritarashtra, through a boon given by Veda Vyasa, had the strength of hundred elephants. He was able to crush iron with his bare hands but due to his disability, he was unable to use weapons.

Pandu was known as a Maharathi, being an excellent archer. While Vidura, though being the half-brother of Dhritarashtra and Pandu, had a low status, as he was the son of a handmaiden.

Bhisma taught Vidura about dharma, he learnt the dharmic rules and values, becoming the wisest of the three, because of which he became the Mahamantri (Prime Minister) of Hastinapur.

When it was time for choosing an heir for the throne, Vidura proposed that Dhritarashtra was the elder one but was a handicap, so Pandu should be chosen to succeed the throne. Thus, Pandu the next Kuru King of Hastinapur.

CURSE OF MANDAVYA

Sage Mandavya was once performing austerities in with his arms up in front of his ashram. A few thieves who had stolen from the King’s palace, came across the ashram, dumped their loot and ran away seeing the king’s men running behind them.

When the King’s men arrived, they assumed that Mandavya was a part of the theft and captured him. The thieves were also caught and presented to the king along with Mandavya. Mandavya, due to his vow of silence, refused to speak and was put to death penalty by being struck with the tip of a trident.

The thieves died while Mandavya was alive. The king later realising Mandavya’s innocence, rushed to seek forgiveness, and his men tried to pull the trident but were unsuccessful. With no other option, they cut the tip of the Trident, giving him the name Ani Mandavya. He then approached Yama and asked him what sins had he committed to have suffered like this. Yama replied that he had tortured small birds when he was young.  Mandavya stated the shastras said, No man should suffer for sins committed before the age of 12.

And since Yama had committed a crime of murdering a Brahmin, he was cursed to be born as a Shudra on Earth. He was reborn as Vidura, the half-brother of Pandu and Dhritarashtra.

BIRTH OF PANDU AND DRITHARASTHRA

Satyavati had summoned Veda Vyasa for the process of ‘Niyoga’. After he arrived, Satyavati sent him to Ambika’s Chambers. As he had meditated in the forest for a long time, he had a scary appearance and when Ambika saw him, she closed her eyes in fear.

Vyasa informed Satyavati that the child born would be blind since Ambika closed her eyes, she assumed that he would not be able to become a king since he was blind.

So, she sent Vyasa to the Ambalika’s Chambers. Ambalika as informed, did not close her eyes, but she grew pale seeing his appearance.

Soon, Dhritarashtra, who was blind was born to Ambika and Pandu, who had a pale complexion was born to Ambalika. Satyavati invited Vyasa again, and asked him for another child, and sent him to Ambika’s Chambers. Ambika remembering his scary appearance sent her handmaiden, Parishrami. She considered it as her duty, so the child born to her was healthy and wise and was named as Vidura.  

DEATH OF VICHITRAVIRYA

After getting married to Ambika and Ambalika, the princesses of Kashi, Vichitravirya lived a happy life while being the King of Hastinapur, succeeding his elder brother Chitrangada.

After 7 years, Vichitravirya suffered from tuberculosis, and despite all the efforts from different physicians being done, he could not be healed and dies childless.

Since, he passed away childless, there was no successor for the throne. So, Satyavati asked Bhisma to marry the widows of Vichitravirya, but Bhisma refused reminding her of his vow of celibacy.

The birth of Veda Vyasa was kept a secret which she hid from Shantanu and Bhisma, since Bhisma refused to marry the widows, she revealed the birth of Veda Vyasa to him and suggested that with the help of Veda Vyasa, through the process of ‘Niyoga’ (The process of a widower begetting a child), children could be born to Ambika and Ambalika. Ambika and Ambalika agreed to the process of Niyoga and Satyavati summoned Veda Vyasa as he had given his word to Satyavati, that whenever she needed his help, he would be present there.

AUSTERITIES OF AMBA

Once Amba visited the Vatsa Kingdom, and was performing penance and Goddess Ganga appeared in front of her, and heard that Amba’s penance was for the purpose of destroying Bhisma. Ganga fumed and cursed Amba saying she would flow as a crooked river just like her crooked mind, which would be dry for 8 months of a year, and would flow for 4 months. She added that the river would have crocodiles and other fierce creatures making it a difficult terrain.

After being cursed, Amba wandered in different places and visited many tirthas and finally returned to Vatsa Kingdom, where Ganga’s curse came to being. Amba due to her ascetic merit remained a human but her lower half turned into a river.

Though Amba was persuaded against her austerities (tapas), she continued to performed rigorous penance. Finally, after long, Lord Shiva appeared, and granted her a boon that she would be the reason for Bhisma’s death and in her next life she would be reborn as Shikhandi, the daughter of Drupada, the King of Panchala. After the boon was granted, Amba lit her funeral pyre and self-immolated to be reborn as Shikhandi.

THE DUEL

Parashurama and Bhisma started the battle, and Ganga arrived trying to stop Bhisma from fighting against his guru, but was unsuccessful. The battle went on for 23 days and finally on the 24th day, Bhisma wanted to use the most powerful weapon, Prashwapastra.

When he was about to use this Prashwapastra, Narada, the divine sage and the Devas, interfered and said that the use of this weapon can cause huge destruction. Parashurama and Bhisma concluded the battle and Parashurama declared that it was a draw.

He then met Amba and narrated the events, hearing this Amba decided she will avenge against Bhisma herself by performing severe austerities to Lord Shiva. Saying this Amba started doing vigorous penance at the banks of the river Yamuna, and she became extremely thin but still stood firm to destroy Bhisma. Later, she performed penance in the river Yamuna, and continued her penance for 12 long years, which even ended up burning the heavens.

FURY OF AMBA

After reaching Saubala, Amba asked Shalva to marry her but he refused saying that another man had won her and she belonged to him even after she pleaded him. Heartbroken Amba returned back to Hastinapur, Bhisma then asked Vichitravirya to marry her but he rejected her saying she was in love with someone else.

After hearing his rejection, Amba asked Bhisma to marry her but due to his vow of celibacy, he refused to marry her too. Amba fuming blamed Bhisma for her condition wanted revenge against Bhisma.

Amba left Hastinapur and convinced other Kings to fight Bhisma but everyone refused to help her. With no other option she went to Parashurama, the guru of Bhisma and narrated the events to him and he vowed to help her. Parashurama summoned Bhisma to Kurukshetra and after he arrived, Parashurama told him that as he abducted Amba it is his duty to marry her, but he denied saying he had taken a vow of celibacy. Enraged Parashurama threatened Bhisma that he would kill him, and this led to a duel between Parashurama and Bhisma as it was his Kshatriya dharma.